
In 1985 the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) named the area Cuba's first biosphere reserve. In 1991, the 26-room Hotel Moka was built in order to attract eco-tourists for bird-watching and hiking."
For those Americans who dare to visit Cuba, this is what the United States Department of State tells them about the country:
COUNTRY DESCRIPTION: Cuba is a totalitarian police state, which relies on repressive methods to maintain control. These methods, including intense physical and electronic surveillance of Cubans, are also extended to foreign travelers. Americans visiting Cuba should be aware that any encounter with a Cuban could be subject to surreptitious scrutiny by the Castro regime's secret police, the General Directorate for State Security (DGSE). Also, any interactions with average Cubans, regardless how well intentioned the American is, can subject that Cuban to harassment and/or detention, amongst other forms of repressive actions, by state security elements. The regime is strongly anti-American yet desperate for U.S. dollars to prop itself up.
Scary truth? Scare tactic? Some of both? You decide.
I can only think of one country in all my travels where I possibly felt as safe, and seen as little crime, as I did during my ten days in Cuba -- and that would be Denmark, where I lived as an exchange student in 1985-86.
In my ten days in Cuba, I visited a dozen or so cities and towns, five of the country's 14 provinces, and several busy transportation facilities, including the main airport, train stations and bus depots. I walked through working-class housing projects. And, on my own and often late at night (one of the few times I could break free from my delegation), I visited shabby Havana neighborhoods that would have looked at home in some of America's worst inner-city gang territories.
Through it all, I never felt threatened or in danger, never saw a single crime or fight, never heard a major argument (unless it was about baseball). All I saw were Cubans going about their business, chatting in small groups of friends, sitting on park benches, playing chess and dominoes, dressed nice heading out to a night on the town, riding bikes, and, near tourist areas, a few hustling foreigners with offers of cigars.
I also saw police officers, lots of police offers. They stood on nearly every third or fourth street corner, in every other park or plaza, singly or in pairs. They would stand quietly on guard, saunter casually along, pull over speeding pedi-cab drivers, question overly drunk passersby and offer directions to lost tourists. They insisted to see ID cards from all Cubans they questioned and often wrote citations for what looked to me to be minor offenses. They were a constant presence and proved hard to get used to for this San Diegan, grown accustomed to living in one of the most under-policed large cities in America.
I walked some of Havana's darkest, dingiest alleys, almost to dare, challenge and test the surreal sense of safety and security I felt in this foreign country. Nothing bad ever happened to me, night after night.
I was told by several Cuban parents that, although their country's socialist system has some room for improvement, they cherish the fact that their young children can go out and play in the streets, even at night, without parental supervision . . . and come home again safe and sound.
It made me wonder how many parents in some of the worst parts of Tijuana, Chicago or Caracas -- or most other large cities in the United States and throughout most of the the rest of Latin America -- could say the the same thing?
In my opinion, Cuba's unbelievable lack of crime may be attributed to a few factors, including the heavy police presence, fear of imprisonment, less racial conflict, absence of sharp class differences, and a sense of national pride and community solidarity that usurps individual priorities.
I grew up and live in a country where TV news broadcasts feed us stories of murder, mayhem, crime and cruelty on a daily basis. I live in a neighborhood where muggings are on the rise, theft occurs regularly and the best the police can do is tell us to 'be on guard.' I have close friends who struggle to escape pasts scarred by gang violence. I live in a nation where emotional issues related to crime and punishment shape national dialogue, win and lose political elections, raise great walls around well-to-do neighborhoods, erect bars over the windows and doors of less well-to-do neighborhoods, and inject lifelong paranoia into the American psyche.
I had no idea that, in Communist Cuba, there existed a society and a system that had found a way to largely eliminate the kind of crime we hear about every day, and sometimes are victims of, in the wealthiest nation on Earth. It's a bright spot in Cuban society, one I never learned about in my own country, and a factor that the Cubans I met cherish greatly.
An absolutely perfect final day of a trip to country one is visiting for the first time is something I have only enjoyed a couple times in my life. I had such a day during the final afternoon (Friday, April 13, 2007) of my first trip to Cuba.
". . . the majority of Cubans support Castro . . . the only foreseeable means of alienating [this] internal support is through disenchantment and disaffection based on economic dissatisfaction and hardship . . . Every possible means should be undertaken promptly to weaken the economic life of Cuba . . . a line of action which makes the greatest inroads in denying money and supplies to Cuba, to decrease monetary and real wages, to bring about hunger, desperation and overthrow of government."
-- Declassified April 6, 1960 memo by U.S. State Department's Lester D. Mallory, Assistant Secretary of State for Latin American
Two Cuban street dogs having fun in front of a Havana movie theater, Friday, April 13, 2007. At the end of the video, I tell my Cuban friend Carlos, in Spanish, "They are friends, like you and I," and he answers, "Like you and I."
This precious pooch reminded me SO much of a beloved family dog we had for a very long time named Annie:
This is the Latin American School of Medicine (known by its Spanish acronym ELAM) on the Caribbean coast on Havana's western edge. According to Wikipedia:
"Established in 1999 and operated by the Cuban government, ELAM has been described as possibly being the largest medical school in the world by enrollment, with approx. 12,000 students from 29 countries reported as enrolled in 2006/early 2007. All those enrolled are international students from outside Cuba and mainly come from Latin America and the Caribbean as well as Africa. The school also accepts students from the United States - 91 were reportedly enrolled as of January 2007. Tuition, accommodation and board are free, and a small stipend is provided for students.
I learned that currently many of the school's graduates and students serve time in Haiti, helping the poor in that country with critical health care needs. Haiti is one of numerous countries in the developing world to benefit from the medical expertise of ELAM. Cuban and Cuban-trained doctors have also responded to major natural disasters, such as earthquakes and the Indonesian tsumani.
When Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, Cuba offered to send more than 1,500 doctors to help with recovery efforts. You can read a USA Today story about that here. U.S. Secretary of State Condoleeza Rice thanked other nations but completely ignored Cuba's offer. Cubans told me their doctors, equiped with backpacks full of medical supplies and ready to depart Havana, could have reached New Orleans far more quickly than did significant rescue assistance from Washington D.C.
I asked many, many Cubans I met, 'How is your life in Cuba?' Answers ranged from those like the ones given by my young friends William and Guillermo ('desperate for change') to expressions of deep love and gratitude for what the Cuban Revolution has brought, to places in between (the system has its problems but it has done good things for Cuba too). I was impressed by the numerous older people, in the cities and the countryside, who told me that the Revolution gave them a better life, lifted them out of poverty, and provided dignity to the country's poor, particularly in the countryside. 'We would never go back to the way it was before 1959' was a common sentiment. More on this topic to come.
Those intimately familiar with my poetry ('The Better Beggar') know I'm not a big fan of the deluge of corporate advertising that surrounds and pervades the life of average Americans on a daily basis. My trip to Cuba has allowed me to experience 10 days in a row with virtually no exposure to corporate billboards, TV or radio advertising, bus-stop ad banners, ad-wrapped buses, or virtually any noticeable type of corporate and 'name-brand' advertising anywhere. Unless, of course, the name brand is socialism and the Cuban revolution. These pictures are just a small sample of what Cubans see all around them. These kinds of messages appear roadside in the cities and countryside, pop up on the sides of buildings seemingly around every corner, and even as grafiti scrawled on the walls of working-class neighborhoods. I don't have time to translate them right now (though will try to add translations later), so if you know Spanish or
have a Spanish/English dictionary . . .
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